ENVIRONMENTAL DESIGN
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- Versione italiana
- Academic year
- 2019/2020
- Teacher
- SANTE MAZZACANE
- Credits
- 9
- Didactic period
- Secondo Semestre
Training objectives
- General aim of the integrated course is the acquisition of the physical, engineering and architecture knowledge - both theoretical and applied - necessary for proper design of living spaces in relation to the external environment, in terms of comfort, reducing energy consumption and sustainability of natural resources used.
Knowledges:
The main acquired knowledge will be:
- concept of environmental, social and economical sustainability through an interdisciplinary approach;
- the proper use of material and energy resources and techniques in order to achieve optimal conditions to meet human needs and high building quality;
- constructive processes and related technologies for the design of complex building structures and innovative building envelopes, in particular in terms of energy performance and reliability over time;
- the processes of diagnosis, project and execution for intervention on existing buildings and its exploitation, both as a proper dialogue with the recently or historically heritage on which it is addressed, and on the necessary adaptation performance;
- theories and methods of analysis and design of environmental systems;
- comprehension of phenomena that govern the performances of buildings and facilities related to external weather factors;
- comprehension of the technologies to be adopted in relation to the main factors of environmental criticality;
- analysis of the energy buildings behavior, of the components of the building envelope and of the conditioning systems.
Abilities:
The basic acquired abilities (that are the capacity of applying the acquired knowledge) will be:
- production of ideas and projects on all workings scales, particularly applied to building, up to the development of executive details, that satisfy contextually technical-performative needs and coherent aesthetic and morphological control;
- multi-scalar design approaches capability: from concept design to the architectural technology detail through selected and appropriate digital supports and drawings;
- technical knowledge to design (and to build) socially, economically and environmental suitably to contexts (where indoor comfort and sustainability as design are priority). Design capability based on balance of user needs, economic limitations and available resources and existing building standards;
- understanding and management of basic problems in design of the building envelope, in relation to the enclosed spaces, including the interactions with the structural fabric and the technical plans, so to coordinate the different abilities that contribute to the building of a construction complex;
- interaction within working group and understanding of the importance of coordination with other specialists of alike sectors;
- identification of critical issues and factors of influence in buildings design;
- evaluation of the appropriate technologies and of the energy efficiency of buildings;
- resolution of the main problems related to the design of building envelope and conditioning systems;
- development of a planning conscious, aimed at defining a new relationship between environment and development through a technological culture of the project.
- aware management of the issues related to the environmental design of buildings at the different scales in relation to the different disciplines that are involved. Prerequisites
- For the admission to the exam, the students must have consecuted the exam of
- Technical Physics I
- Technical Physics II
In order to frequent the technical physics module it is necessary to have acquired and assimilated the knowledge provided by the courses of Technical Physics I and II related to:
- knowledge of mechanical physics
- principles of thermodynamics
- principles of fluid dynamics
- principles of acoustics.
In relation to the environmental design module instead it is necessary to have acquired and assimilated the knowledge provided by the various tecnhnology courses in relation to:
- technological systems and construction
- building materials Course programme
- The lessons of the two modules are designed to encourage experimentation, through a design solution that each student processes, integration of the plant system within a building structure that is developed to different project scales.
TECHNICAL PHYSICS MODULE:
- Lesson n.1 (4 hours-lesson)
Callbacks of thermodynamics, fluid mechanics and heat transmission. Closed and open systems. Physically homogenous and not homogenous systems. Density of a substance. Chemically homogenous and not homogenous systems. States of equilibrium of a system. Thermodynamics proprieties p, V, T.
- Lesson n.2 (4 hours-lesson)
Thermodynamic diagram for pure substances. Transformations in the field of the liquid. Humid vapors. Title of a humid vapor. The latent heat of evaporation and condensation. First principle for closed systems and open systems.
- Lesson n.3-4 (8 hours-lesson)
Transformations of the open systems. Perfect gas mixtures. Air mixtures and vapor of water. The natural and mechanical ventilation. Estimate of energy requirements for ventilation. The ventilation of residential, offices, hospitals. The ventilation in highly crowded environments. The control of environmental pollution.
- Lesson n.5 (4 hours-lesson)
Statics of the fluids. Calculation of buoyancy (Archimedes force). The water supply systems in buildings. The motion of an ideal fluid. Bernoulli equation. Winfd effect on building surfaces. Natural ventilation priciples.
- Lesson n.6 (4 hours-lesson)
Processes of thermal exchange. Mechanisms of thermal exchange. The law of Fourier. Natural and forced convection. The law of cooling of Newton. Stationary conduction and convection in one flat wall multilayer. Calculation of the transmittance. Winter load calculation.
- Lesson n.7 (4 hours-lesson)
The heat exchange in unsteady regime. Heating winter, air, water, mixed. The terminals of the heating equipment. Plant radiant floor and ceiling. The calculation of the air conducts.
- Lesson n.8 (4 hours-lesson)
Characteristics of glass surfaces: light transmission coefficient, reflection coefficient and absorption factor g. Low-emissivity glass. Anti UV films. Calculation of indented heat through the glass surfaces. Solar Greenhouses.
- Lesson n.9 (4 hours-lesson)
The cooling and air conditioning systems in summer. Winter and summer energy balance. Winter and summer technological plants.
- Lesson n.10
The sanitary systems. The gas distribution systems. The protection fire systems. Electrical systems for buildings.
ENVIRONMENTAL DESIGN MODULE:
- Introduction to environmental design. (4 hours-lesson)
First series of lessons - General characteristics of environmental design (8 hours-lesson)
- Tools for the acquisition of factors of influence for the environmental design - Boundary conditions
- Environmental compatibility of a group of buildings
- External environmental characters of a single building
Second series of lessons - Typological characteristics of environmental design (8 hours-lesson)
- Internal environmental characters of a single building
- Building envelope and needs and performance system
Third series of lessons - Technological characteristics of environmental design
- Basic skins and elements of second skin, materials and building systems
- Covers, ground joint and interface nodes Didactic methods
- The technical physics module will consist of lessons and exercises on the topics of the course.
The "environmental design" module instead, will consist of:
- lessons
- seminars, held by architects and / or teachers and / or external stakeholders on various topics of the environmental design
- an individual exercise divided into three phases, that the students will set up in classroom. This exercise will consist in the environmental design at the different scales of a group of residential buildings, placed in a specified geographical area.
- days of review in classroom. Learning assessment procedures
- The learning of knowledge and skills provided for the course will be verified by:
- a written examination, mainly on the contents of the technical physics module;
- an individual exercise carried out in three phases during the course, about the three cycles of lessons of environmental design;
- an oral examination - carried out when the script rating is less than 26/30 - in order to verify the effective acquisition by the student of the contents of the integrated course of Environmental Design.
To access to the oral exam students must pass the written one.
The final result will be composed of the sum of the three components mentioned above. Reference texts
- TECHNICAL PHYSICS MODULE:
- Yunus A. Çengel, Termodinamica e trasmissione del calore, McGraw-Hill Education, 2013
ENVIRONMENTAL DESIGN MODULE:
- Fabio Conato, Valentina Frighi, Metodi della Progettazione Ambientale. Approccio integrato multiscala per la verifica prestazionale del progetto di architettura, FrancoAngeli, Milano, 2016
- Fabio Conato, Simona Cinti, Architettura e Involucro, Be-Ma Editrice, Milano, 2014
