THEORIES OF ARCHITECTURE DESIGN
Academic year and teacher
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- Versione italiana
- Academic year
- 2020/2021
- Teacher
- NICOLA MARZOT
- Credits
- 9
- Didactic period
- Primo Semestre
Training objectives
- Modules: Distribution Characteristics of Buildings (40 hours): teacher arch. Saverio Pisaniello), Typological and Morphological Characteristics of Architecture (30 hours): Prof. Nicola Marzot ; Fundamental of History of contemporary architecture (20 hours): prof. Marco Mulazzani)
Knowledge.
The 3 Modules offer complementary conceptual references concerning the knowledge of the conceptual foundations, the organisation of the buildings in plan and in the elevations.
The module of Distributive characteristics and typology of buildings takes as its educational horizon the fundamentals of architectural design culture and in particular the sizing, layout, configuration of inhabited spaces, as well as the mutual relationship that determines the structure of the physical context. social and technical to which they belong.
The module of Typological and Morphological Characteristics of Architecture aims to train students in knowledge of architecture through the experience of project formalization techniques in relation to the place in a broad sense, to the city, to the landscape.
The module fundamentals of history of contemporary architecture aims to provide useful tools to introduce students to the history of Architecture, from the beginning of the Twentieth Century to the present day, on the International scene and through the work of the main masters. The method offers a comparative analysis of major works, crossing the points of view of spatial composition, structural and formal, with attention to the dominant themes in different historical periods.
Skills.
At the end of the course, students will have to know the basic notions related to the types of buildings, their recognisability and their potential Distribution and morphological organisation.
The expected skills also concern the acquisition by the students of the ability to read and understand the design logic of individual factories, and their relationship with the dominant themes in different historical periods. Prerequisites
- No one
Course programme
- DISTRIBUTION CHARACTERISTICS OF BUILDINGS MODULE
Through the comparison between different cultural positions of the contemporary architectural debate and the deepening of the concepts of urban morphology and building typology the module intends to promote a specific continuity with the tradition in the teaching of architecture.
The course reflects in particular on the practical and theoretical ways in which the knowledge of architectural works, carried out or simply designed, is conveyed:
- under the theoretical and methodological profile, the role assumed in the history and criticism of architecture by the terms "type" and "character" and by the concepts that have been mobilized to accredit or to refute their centrality in the modern and contemporary architectural debate;
- from a practical and instrumental point of view, the knowledge of some specific representative forms (the "diagram" and the "model") and their evolution as essential technical requirements for understanding the formal, cultural and technical properties of buildings.
In this perspective the course assumes the ways in which the architectural space is dimensioned, divided and distributed, as logical operators to dedicate specific exercises in design knowledge.
Exemplary cases of the modern and contemporary European city will be examined.
TYPOLOGICAL AND MORPHOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF ARCHITECTURE MODULE
The reading of the constituent elements of the city (buildings, aggregates, urban districts and cities) is addressed in the historical becoming, emphasizing the existence of a relationship between the building typology and urban morphology, with particular regard to residential function. The lessons will develop through three main lines of investigation, with frequent reciprocal references: theoretical concepts, problems of interpretative method, history of the city and building types. The contents of the lessons will focus mainly on the relationship between urban morphology and building typology; analysis and design of the city; the concept of building type, fabric, urban and territorial system; the relationship between material and immaterial aspects; history of the city and its transformation over time.
FUNDAMENTALS OF HISTORY OF CONTEMPORARY ARCHITECTURE
Frank Lloyd Wright and the invention of space: from the "prairie houses" to California; from the "living city" of Broadacre City to the Guggenheim Museum in New York.
Le Corbusier between architecture and urban planning: from the beginnings at La Chaux de Fonds to the Algiers Plan; from the Unité d'habitation in Marseille to the Capitol of Chandigarh.
Ludwig Mies van der Rohe and the "art of building": from Germany in the 1920s and 1930s to works in America.
The naturalness and monumentality of architecture in modernity: Alvar Aalto and Louis Kahn.
Against every "ism" of architecture: Frank O. Gehry and Zaha Hadid. Didactic methods
- There are lectures and practical exercises, which will be discussed publicly in the virtual classroom. In the exercises, students in groups (composed of 3 students) will have the opportunity to experiment and graphically represent some fundamental concepts expressed during the lessons, on topics of increasing complexity. The module is divided into: autonomous individual preparation (study of bibliography); lessons; development of graphic exercises and individual oral exam. The latter will take place in the form of an interview on the three fundamental themes of the module: the history of the city; aspects of the method and discussion of the exercises. In the first place it is considered necessary to constitute elementary notions and a common language. For this reason, within the first three weeks of the course students must read some fundamental texts reported in the bibliography. In-depth bibliographies on individual topics will then be provided.
The module Fundamentals of History of contemporary architecture consists of ex cathedra lessons on each of the topics listed in the program. No contemplated collective exercises; individual signs for the deepening of the study program can be provided during the hours devoted to the students reception. Learning assessment procedures
- The three exercises with increasing complexity, will develop and verify the following skills: elementary notions on the concept of paths and spaces (organization, sizing and role); importance of solids (building types) and voids (morphology of urban design) in mutual interaction and their conscious use with respect to the different potentials of the context; the integration between structure, functional distribution and volumetric articulation; relationship between residential areas and monumental buildings. The final exam is individual and is based on an oral test where the graphic exercises written during the course will also be exhibited. Access to the exam and the favorable evaluation of the work carried out are strictly conditioned by attendance at the lessons and active participation in the exercises. On the days set for the calendar will take place the individual oral test of the 3 integrated modules. The pursuit of the other fundamental objectives will also take place here: basic knowledge of the historical development and the ongoing evolution trends of the city; mastery of "spelling and syntax" of the discipline, so that the project is not only the result of intuition and talent, but also of a government aware of the variables at stake.
Reference texts
- ESSENZIAL BIBLIOGRAPHY
For Building Distributive Characters:
Aldo Rossi, L’architettura della città, Clup, Milan 1966; Camillo Sitte, L’arte di costruire le città, Jaca Book, Milan, 2015;
Kevin Lynch, L’immagine della città, Marsilio, Venice 2006.
For Morphological and Typological Caracters:
Caniggia G., Maffei G. L., Lettura dell'edilizia di base, Firenze, Alinea, 1979.
Zaffagnini M., Marzot N., Gaiani A., Morfologia Urbana e Tipologia Edilizia, Bologna, Pitagora, 1995.
Regarding Fundamental of History of contemporary architecture:
Manfredo Tafuri, Francesco Dal Co, Architettura contemporanea, Electa, Milan 1976.
In addition, they are useful lecture notes.
A supplementary bibliography needed to deal with the deepening of the individual topics covered in the module will be provided at the beginning of the course.
