GENERAL PHYSIOLOGY
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- Versione italiana
- Academic year
- 2022/2023
- Teacher
- FRANCO CERVELLATI
- Credits
- 9
- Didactic period
- Secondo Semestre
- SSD
- BIO/09
Training objectives
- The course is the teaching of General Physiology and examines the basic elements of organ systems from the point Biological, Biochemical and Physiological, treating the functional biology of the animal and the human.
The main objective of the course is to provide students with the foundation for the study of complex biological systems and their interconnections in the maintenance of vital functions and homeostatic and interrelationships between the internal and external environment of the organism.
The main knowledge gained will be:
• The basic functional elements of cellular homeostasis maintenance systems;
• Knowledge related to the potential of membranes and communication mechanisms between excitable cells;
• Functional elements of receptor systems of somatic sensation;
• Physiology of the specific sensitivity, eye, ear, taste and smell;
• Key Features of the central and autonomic nervous system;
• Physiology of blood and basic knowledge for the study of the vascular system;
• Physiology of the heart muscle, integration of cardiovascular function in the regulation of systemic blood pressure;
• Respiration;
• Kidney functional elements in the maintenance of homeostasis saline and hydro pressure;
• Knowledge of the physiology of muscle and muscle movement;
• Functional characteristics of the endocrine system
• Study of the body's energy balance regulation and thermoregulation processes; Prerequisites
- It 'must have acquired and assimilated the following knowledge provided by the courses of Molecular Biology, Morphology and Biochemistry.
• knowledge of the fundamental concepts of biology;
• knowledge of cytology, histology and anatomy of man;
• knowledge of the cellular and molecular biochemical mechanisms. Course programme
- The course includes 72 hours of lessons divided as follows:
Homeostasis and Cell Physiology (4 hours)
Homeostatic mechanisms. Cell physiology (cellular organization and biological membranes, intercellular organelles contacts. Energy and metabolism, membranes and membrane transport.
Membrane potentials (8 hours)
Excitable cells and membrane potentials. nerve cells, muscle and heart.
Physiology of movement (4 hours)
Muscles and movement. skeletal muscle, smooth muscle.
Control of body movements.
central and peripheral nervous system (8 hours)
Physiology of the central and autonomic nervous system. Special and peripheral sensory organs. The pain and dolorifiche streets. neuromuscular reflexes.
Receptor system (8)
Potential receptor, stimulus intensity, central control of afferent information. somatic sensibility.
Sight, Hearing and chemical senses (smell, taste) (8)
Blood and vascular circulation (4 hours)
Blood and cardiovascular function. Respiratory gas exchange.
Physiology of the heart (4 hours)
Physiology of the heart muscle. mechanical events of the cardiac cycle. cardiac output.
Renal Physiology (6 hours)
renal function. Regulation of blood pressure.
Hormonal control systems (6 hours)
The endocrine and nervous systems of control.
Digestive system (4 hours)
Digestion and absorption, regulation of gastrointestinal mechanisms.
Physiology of respiration. (4)
Regulation of thermogenesis (4)
Loss and heat gain. Temperature and acclimatization. Didactic methods
- Lectures on all the topics of the course.
Learning assessment procedures
- Oral examination in a single part on all the topics covered in the course.
The test is intended to evaluate the study of matter and the understanding of the basic arguments.
To pass the test you must acquire at least 18 points out of 30.
The estimated time for the test is 30-60 minutes;
The final grade is given by the evaluation of the test.
To pass the exam you need to acquire a minimum of 18 points out of 30. Reference texts
- • E. Carbone, G. Aicardi, R. Maggi. Fisiologia dalle molecole ai sistemi integrati. 2 Edizione 2018
Stuart ira Fox: Fisiologia Umana. 2019 Piccin Editor
• D.U. Silverthorn: Fisiologia Umana. Casa Editrice Ambrosiana, 2017.
• Belfiore A: Fisiologia Umana Fondamenti Edi Ermes 2018.
• Squire L.R., Berg D., Bloom F.E., DuLac S., et al.:Fondamenti di Neuroscienze: Casa Editrice Ambrosiana. 2016.
• Widmaier Eric P., Raff H., Strang K.T.: Vander Fisiologia. 2 Edizione Casa Editrice Ambrosiana. 2018.
