GENERAL PATHOLOGY
Academic year and teacher
If you can't find the course description that you're looking for in the above list,
please see the following instructions >>
- Versione italiana
- Academic year
- 2022/2023
- Teacher
- FRANCESCO ZORZATO
- Credits
- 6
- Didactic period
- Secondo Semestre
- SSD
- MED/04
Training objectives
- The course will focus on the molecular basis of human diseases, with particular emphasis on the major pathogenic mechanisms occurring in cells and organs. At the end of the course the students should be able to interpret pathogenic mechanism and physiopathological consequences of human diseases .
Prerequisites
- Pass the following exams : Biochemistry, Anatomy, Genetics, Physiology and Microbiology
Course programme
- 1) DISEASE AS CONSEQUENCES OF HOMEOSTASIS PERTURBATIONS
- definition of pathology, health and disease
- common pathologcial manifestations
- identification of diseases: signs and symptoms
- Concepts of ethiology and pathogenesis
2) INTRINSIC FACTORS OF DISEASES: THE GENETIC DISEASES
Molecular defects and pathogenesis of the most common genetic diseases (Familial hyperlipidemia, coagulopathies)
- Mitochondrial diseases
3)EXTRINSIC FACTORS OF DISEASES
a) FISICAL AGENTS
b) CHEMICAL AGENTS
c) DIET: OBESYTY AND LACK OF VITAMINS
4) CELLULAR PATHOLOGY
a) APDATIVE CELLULAR RESPONSES: hypertrophy, hyperplasia, atrophy, involution, metaplasia
b) CELLULAR DAMAGE: pathogenesis, damage caused by ROS, ischemia
c) CELL DEATH: apoptosis, necrosis, autophagy
5) REACTION TO THE DAMMAGE
a) THE IMMUNE SYSTEM
- in combination with the microbiology program: basic aspects of T and B lymphocyte function and development, immune response , cell mediated cytotoxicity
- immunopathology: hypersensitivity reaction types I, II, II and IV
b) INFLAMMATION
Acute inflammation
- vascular and cellular events
- cells types involved in the inflammatory response; inflammatory cells
- chemical mediators of the acute inflammatory reaction: preformed and de novo synthesis
- the complement system
- cellular migration: diapedesis, chemiotaxis. Role of adhesion molecules.
- phagocytosis: mechanisms by which polymorphonuclear leukocytes kill pathogens
- acute inflammation: resolution repair and regeneration.
-Wound healing.
Chronic inflammation
- the cells of the chronic inflammatory response
- classification and morphological aspects of the granulomatous response.
6) TUMORS
- tumor epidemiology
- tumor etiology
- classification and nomenclature
- morpho-functional aspects of neoplastic cells
- steps of cancer development: the multiphasic process (initiation, promotion and progression. Local invasion and metastasis)
- oncogenes and oncosuppressor genes: classification and function
- Bcl-2 oncogene, and p53 and PML oncosuppressor genes: molecular mechanism and function
-immune response against tumors
- immunotherapy of tumors: CAR-T technology
7) PHYSIOPATHOLOGY OF THERMOREGULATION.
- HEAT PRODUCTION AND DISSIPATION. Fever and hyperthermia.
8) PHYSIOPATHOLOGY OF THE CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM
- Heart failure.
- Shock.
- Atherosclerosis, thrombosis, embolism, ischemia and infarct.
- Blood hypertension.
- Oedema: systemic and local.
9) BLOOD PHYSIOPATHOLOGY
- Blood: compositon and hemopoiesis
- Anemias: classification
- Hemostasis and coagulation
- Hemorrhage: classification
10) PHYSIOPTHOLOGY OF THE GASTRO-INTESTINAL SYSTEM
- Steatosis
- Cirrhosis Didactic methods
- Teaching tools
Lectures.
Evaluation of the learning process by self-evaluation questionnaires on the subject discussed during lectures. Learning assessment procedures
- Written exam. Multiple choice, 15 question 2 points per question
Reference texts
- Robbins. Fondamenti di patologia e di fisiopatologia
Maino: Patologia Generale:
Articles which can be downlode from the pubmed NCBI data bank
