BASIC SCIENCES
Academic year and teacher
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- Versione italiana
- Academic year
- 2021/2022
- Teacher
- FERNANDA MARTINI
- Credits
- 6
- Didactic period
- Primo Semestre
Training objectives
- APPLIED PHYSICS
Understanding of the technical bases that are found in practical applications. Know the units of measurement. Especially to be familiar with the concepts of static and electricity.
BIOCHEMISTRY
To master the main concepts of chemistry and applied biochemistry to the cellular metabolism.
BIOLOGY
Knowledge of the organization of the living organisms at the cellular level. Knowledge on the macromolecules of the living organisms, their properties, the modes of replication and reproduction. How the genetic information are passed from DNA to RNA and from RNA to proteins
MICROBIOLOGY
To know bacteria and viruses. Understand the basis of infectious pathogenesis. To know how infections are transmitted and how to prevent them. Prerequisites
- Knowledge of chemistry, physics, mathematics. Basics of cell biology and molecular biology, with reference to synthesis and function of nucleic acids and proteins
Course programme
- APPLIED PHYSICS
Scientific method, physical quantities and units of measurement. Measurement and measurement errors. Constitution of matter. Force, moment of a force, levers and their applications. Work, energy and power. Pressure, atmospheric pressure and blood pressure, Archimedes' principle. Temperature and heat, heat propagation. Fundamental laws of electromagnetism, electro-biological effects of electric currents. Oscillations and waves, mechanical waves and electromagnetic, ultrasonic, infrared and ultraviolet radiation. Notes on X-ray laser.
BIOCHEMISTRY
Structure of the atom, the periodic table of elements, chemical bonds. Stoichiometry, thermodynamics and kinetics of chemical reactions, solutions, acids and bases, oxidation and reduction. Fundamentals of organic chemistry: carbon atom, the most important functional groups, the most important reactions of biochemical interest.
Carbohydrates (mono-, di- and polysaccharides, glycolysis, glycogen synthesis and breakdown of carbohydrates, glucose metabolism in the liver and muscles, regulation of sugar metabolism).
Proteins (amino acid composition and protein structures, enzymes, synthesis and breakdown of proteins, urea formation).
Fats (fatty acids, triglycerides, synthesis and breakdown of fat).
Citric acid cycle (Krebs cycle), production of NADH and ATP, coenzymes, ATP production.
BIOLOGY
Chemical composition of the living organisms. General characteristics of the biological macromolecules. Main methods of investigation for the identification and characterization of biological macromolecules and cellular structures. DNA structure, composition, mechanism of replication and the main enzymes involved. Genomic organization of the eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells and viruses. Chromatin and nucleic acids as vectors of the genetic information. DNA classes of eukaryotic cell, highly repeated, repeated and unique DNA sequences. The human genome. Eukaryotic cell: structure, function, multiplication.
Compartments of the eukaryotic cell. Cytoplasmic organelles. Cell membrane. Nucleous, Nucleolus. Transcription, Translation. The cell cycle. Mitosis, Meiosis. The Bacterial cell.
MICROBIOLOGY
Structure of bacterial cell. Gram positive and Gram negative bacteria. Elements of bacterial metabolism. Disinfection and sterilization. Bacterial spores. Interactions between host and microorganism. Specific and aspecific defenses, active and passive immunization. Normal microbial flora, opportunistic infections. Elements of bacterial pathogenesis. Adhesins, aggressins and toxins. Elements of antibacterial drugs and drug resistance. Osteomyelitis as examples of bacterial infection. Virus structure, elements of viral replication. Viral pathogenesis. Transmission of infections. AIDS Didactic methods
- Lectures/computer/power point
Learning assessment procedures
- APPLIED PHYSICS: : written exam consists in 30 multiple choice questions and for every correct answer is assigned 1 point. The time allowed for this test is 45 minutes. For passing the test, at least 18 answers must be correct
BIOCHEMISTRY: written exam consists in 32 multiple choice questions and for every correct answer is assigned 1 point. The time allowed for this test is 1 hour. For passing the test, at least 18 answers must be correct.
BIOLOGY: oral examination, which consists of 2-4 questions. To pass the exam you must answer at least two questions.
MICROBIOLOGY: Written exam based on 22 open questions that require very short answers (one or at most a few words). Each question is worth 3 points to 0.5 points, depending on the complexity, for a total of 35 points. To pass this test it is required to get at least 18 points. The honors will be given to those who follows more than 30 points. The time allowed for this test is 1 hour.
The final grade results from the weighted average of the four partial ratings. Reference texts
- APPLIED PHYSICS
Harms, Volker, Physik fr Mediziner und Pharmazeuten, Verlag Stephan Harms, Kiel
Harms, Volker, bungsbuch Physiks fr Mediziner und Pharmazeuten, Verlag St. Harms, Kiel
BIOCHEMISTRY
Gisela Boeck: Kurzlehrbuch Chemie (Georg Thieme Verlag, Stuttgatt, 2008)
Material provided by the teacher.
BIOLOGY
AAVV., Biologia e genetica, a cura di De Leo, Ginelli, Fasano, EdiSes, Napoli, II ed.
MICROBIOLOGY
Handouts provided by the teacher.
