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GENERAL CLINICAL NURSING

Academic year and teacher
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Versione italiana
Academic year
2022/2023
Teacher
FRANCESCO CAVAZZINI
Credits
8
Didactic period
Secondo Semestre

Training objectives

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Modulo: 011498 - FARMACOLOGIA GENERALE
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GENERAL PATHOLOGY
Understanding the main causes and mechanisms of disease, and the protective and/or pathogenetic role of the defense mechanisms of the organism (immune system, inflammation).
CLINICAL PATHOLOGY
To give basic physiopathologic knowledge about most common pathologies. To give principal informations about most common hematochemical tests. To give methods for their request and lastly to address towards the possible diagnosis.
To give basic knowledge on the immune system and the defense against pathogens; deepening: phagocytosis, antibody response, the complement, self-non self recognition, transplant rejection, pathologies due to malfunctional immune system.
GENERAL PHARMACOLOGY
To know the principles of pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetics which characterize the pharmacological profile of drugs necessary for understanding the rationale behind the therapy, to ensure accurate information and a professional dispensing of medicines.
METHODOLOGY CLINICAL NURSING/SEMINAR
- Apply the bifocal model of clinical practice to identify and treat human responses to real and / or potential health problems

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Modulo: 015187/1 - PATOLOGIA GENERALE
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GENERAL PATHOLOGY
Understanding the main causes and mechanisms of disease, and the protective and/or pathogenetic role of the defense mechanisms of the organism (immune system, inflammation).
CLINICAL PATHOLOGY
To give basic physiopathologic knowledge about most common pathologies. To give principal informations about most common hematochemical tests. To give methods for their request and lastly to address towards the possible diagnosis.
To give basic knowledge on the immune system and the defense against pathogens; deepening: phagocytosis, antibody response, the complement, self-non self recognition, transplant rejection, pathologies due to malfunctional immune system.
GENERAL PHARMACOLOGY
To know the principles of pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetics which characterize the pharmacological profile of drugs necessary for understanding the rationale behind the therapy, to ensure accurate information and a professional dispensing of medicines.
METHODOLOGY CLINICAL NURSING/SEMINAR
- Apply the bifocal model of clinical practice to identify and treat human responses to real and / or potential health problems

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Modulo: 015304/3 - PATOLOGIA CLINICA
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GENERAL PATHOLOGY
Understanding the main causes and mechanisms of disease, and the protective and/or pathogenetic role of the defense mechanisms of the organism (immune system, inflammation).
CLINICAL PATHOLOGY
To give basic physiopathologic knowledge about most common pathologies. To give principal informations about most common hematochemical tests. To give methods for their request and lastly to address towards the possible diagnosis.
To give basic knowledge on the immune system and the defense against pathogens; deepening: phagocytosis, antibody response, the complement, self-non self recognition, transplant rejection, pathologies due to malfunctional immune system.
GENERAL PHARMACOLOGY
To know the principles of pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetics which characterize the pharmacological profile of drugs necessary for understanding the rationale behind the therapy, to ensure accurate information and a professional dispensing of medicines.
METHODOLOGY CLINICAL NURSING/SEMINAR
- Apply the bifocal model of clinical practice to identify and treat human responses to real and / or potential health problems

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Modulo: 53369 - METODOLOGIA CLINICA INFERMIERISTICA
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GENERAL PATHOLOGY
Understanding the main causes and mechanisms of disease, and the protective and/or pathogenetic role of the defense mechanisms of the organism (immune system, inflammation).
CLINICAL PATHOLOGY
To give basic physiopathologic knowledge about most common pathologies. To give principal informations about most common hematochemical tests. To give methods for their request and lastly to address towards the possible diagnosis.
To give basic knowledge on the immune system and the defense against pathogens; deepening: phagocytosis, antibody response, the complement, self-non self recognition, transplant rejection, pathologies due to malfunctional immune system.
GENERAL PHARMACOLOGY
To know the principles of pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetics which characterize the pharmacological profile of drugs necessary for understanding the rationale behind the therapy, to ensure accurate information and a professional dispensing of medicines.
METHODOLOGY CLINICAL NURSING/SEMINAR
- Apply the bifocal model of clinical practice to identify and treat human responses to real and / or potential health problems

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Modulo: 53370 - SEMINARIO DI INFERMIERISTICA CLINICA GENERALE
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GENERAL PATHOLOGY
Understanding the main causes and mechanisms of disease, and the protective and/or pathogenetic role of the defense mechanisms of the organism (immune system, inflammation).
CLINICAL PATHOLOGY
To give basic physiopathologic knowledge about most common pathologies. To give principal informations about most common hematochemical tests. To give methods for their request and lastly to address towards the possible diagnosis.
To give basic knowledge on the immune system and the defense against pathogens; deepening: phagocytosis, antibody response, the complement, self-non self recognition, transplant rejection, pathologies due to malfunctional immune system.
GENERAL PHARMACOLOGY
To know the principles of pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetics which characterize the pharmacological profile of drugs necessary for understanding the rationale behind the therapy, to ensure accurate information and a professional dispensing of medicines.
METHODOLOGY CLINICAL NURSING/SEMINAR
- Apply the bifocal model of clinical practice to identify and treat human responses to real and / or potential health problems

Prerequisites

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Modulo: 011498 - FARMACOLOGIA GENERALE
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Basics of biology and chemistry.

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Modulo: 015187/1 - PATOLOGIA GENERALE
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Biology and genetics, chemistry, biochemistry. Basic notions of anatomy, physiology and:
- The nursing care process
- Physiological models of health (M. Gordon)
- The bifocal model of nursing care (L.J. Carpenito) -



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Modulo: 015304/3 - PATOLOGIA CLINICA
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Biology and genetics, chemistry, biochemistry. Basic notions of anatomy, physiology and:
- The nursing care process
- Physiological models of health (M. Gordon)
- The bifocal model of nursing care (L.J. Carpenito) -



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Modulo: 53369 - METODOLOGIA CLINICA INFERMIERISTICA
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Biology and genetics, chemistry, biochemistry. Basic notions of anatomy, physiology and:
- The nursing care process
- Physiological models of health (M. Gordon)
- The bifocal model of nursing care (L.J. Carpenito) -

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Modulo: 53370 - SEMINARIO DI INFERMIERISTICA CLINICA GENERALE
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Biology and genetics, chemistry, biochemistry. Basic notions of anatomy, physiology and:
- The nursing care process
- Physiological models of health (M. Gordon)
- The bifocal model of nursing care (L.J. Carpenito) -

Course programme

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Modulo: 011498 - FARMACOLOGIA GENERALE
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Principles of pharmacokinetics (routes of administration, absorption, distribution, metabolism and elimination of drugs). Principles of pharmacodynamics (mechanisms of action and drug-receptors interactions). Safety and toxicity of drugs. Varying responses to medications. Phases of the new drug development.

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Modulo: 015187/1 - PATOLOGIA GENERALE
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GENERAL PATHOLOGY
Introduction to General Pathology
Cellular pathology:
(a) cellular adaptations: hypertrophy, hyperplasia, atrophy, involution, metaplasia
b) cellular damage: pathogenesis, radical damage, ischemia
c) cell death: apoptosis, necrosis
Inflammation. Pro-inflammatory mediators. Vascular phase. Cellular phase
Tumors: epidemiology of tumors; etiology of tumors (multifactorial disease). Nomenclature and classification oncogenes and oncosuppressors.
Environmental pathology:
a) physical agents,
b) nutritional disorders

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Modulo: 015304/3 - PATOLOGIA CLINICA
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CLINICAL PATHOLOGY
Blood composition and function. Haemochromo and formula. Blood groups: typing and meaning. - Anemia (classification). Hemolitic anemia neonatal. Main test ematochemical. Hepatitis .Itteri. Urinary infection .Acquired immunodeficient syndrome.
Immune cells: B and T lymphocytes, monocytes, macrophages, dendritic cells, natural killer. Innate immunity, chemical-physical barriers, PAMPs receptors and opsonins, phagocytosis. The antibody mediated response, immunoglobulins, B cell receptor. The complement system, T cell receptor and MHC complex. Immediate, antibody, immunocomplex and cell mediated hypesensitivity.

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Modulo: 53369 - METODOLOGIA CLINICA INFERMIERISTICA
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METHODOLOGY CLINICAL NURSING/SEMINAR
- Business and exercise model
Influencing factors and alterations in self-care and mobility. Functional skills assessment tools
Assistance to the person with: Deficit syndrome in self-care and I.D. single; Immobilization syndrome; Impaired mobility, with wheelchair (hints), in bed and transfers
- Nutritional models - metabolic
Influencing factors and alterations in nutrition. Nutritional status assessment tools.
Assistance to the person with: Altered nutrition lower / higher than needed, Impaired tissue, skin and oral mucosal integrity, Insufficient / excessive volume of liquids, Hyperthermia
- Elimination model
Influencing factors and alterations in urinary and fecal elimination. Assistance to the person with: Diarrhea. Constipation and perceived constipation. Faecal incontinence. Impaired urinary elimination (stress, functional, total incontinence) Risk of complications: acute urinary retention
-Rest and sleep pattern
Influencing factors and sleep disturbances.
Care for the person with: Sleep pattern disorder
- Cognitive-perceptual model
Assistance to the person with mental confusion
- Health perception-management model
Assistance to the person at risk of falls
Assistance to the dying person and his family
Manage the person with:
- Risk of complication from sepsis
- Risk of complications from urinary retention

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Modulo: 53370 - SEMINARIO DI INFERMIERISTICA CLINICA GENERALE
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METHODOLOGY CLINICAL NURSING/SEMINAR
- Business and exercise model
Influencing factors and alterations in self-care and mobility. Functional skills assessment tools
Assistance to the person with: Deficit syndrome in self-care and I.D. single; Immobilization syndrome; Impaired mobility, with wheelchair (hints), in bed and transfers
- Nutritional models - metabolic
Influencing factors and alterations in nutrition. Nutritional status assessment tools.
Assistance to the person with: Altered nutrition lower / higher than needed, Impaired tissue, skin and oral mucosal integrity, Insufficient / excessive volume of liquids, Hyperthermia
- Elimination model
Influencing factors and alterations in urinary and fecal elimination. Assistance to the person with: Diarrhea. Constipation and perceived constipation. Faecal incontinence. Impaired urinary elimination (stress, functional, total incontinence) Risk of complications: acute urinary retention
-Rest and sleep pattern
Influencing factors and sleep disturbances.
Care for the person with: Sleep pattern disorder
- Cognitive-perceptual model
Assistance to the person with mental confusion
- Health perception-management model
Assistance to the person at risk of falls
Assistance to the dying person and his family
Manage the person with:
- Risk of complication from sepsis
- Risk of complications from urinary retention
Use the SBAR method

Didactic methods

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Modulo: 011498 - FARMACOLOGIA GENERALE
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Lectures.

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Modulo: 015187/1 - PATOLOGIA GENERALE
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Lectures.

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Modulo: 015304/3 - PATOLOGIA CLINICA
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Lectures.

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Modulo: 53369 - METODOLOGIA CLINICA INFERMIERISTICA
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Lectures.
Problem Based Learning (PBL). Separation of students in groups (15-18 people).


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Modulo: 53370 - SEMINARIO DI INFERMIERISTICA CLINICA GENERALE
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Lectures.
Problem Based Learning (PBL). Separation of students in groups (15-18 people).

Learning assessment procedures

GENERAL PATHOLOGY:
Written test: 31 multiple-choice quizzes. Each correct answer is equal to 1 point while incorrect answers are not penalized. Students who correctly answer a minimum of 18 questions pass the exam. The time available is 30 minutes.
CLINICAL PATHOLOGY
Written exam with open questions36 multiple choice quizzes (4 possible answers, only 1 correct) of which 18 related for the first part of the course and 18 forst second part. Each correct answers correspond to 1 point , there is no penalty for uncorrect answers. To pass the exam the students need to respond correctly to at list 9 quiz per subject. Examination time 60 mins.
GENERAL PHARMACOLOGY: Written exam: 31 multiple choice questions (each with four answers). Each question is worth 1 points if correct; wrong answer or no answer 0 points. With all the correct answers you get the praise. Allotted time: 30 minutes.
METHODOLOGY CLINICAL NURSING/ SEMINAR
Written test with open-ended and short-answer questions on the topics discussed in class, for the assessment of knowledge and understanding.
THE FINAL GRADE IS A WEIGHTED AVERAGE OF THE MARKS OBTAINED IN EACH TESTS.

Reference texts

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Modulo: 011498 - FARMACOLOGIA GENERALE
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Rossi, Cuomo, Riccardi: Farmacologia per le professioni sanitarie. Ed. Minerva Medica.
Whalen: Le basi della farmacologia. Ed. Zanichelli.
Di Giulio, Gorio, Carelli: Farmacologia generale e speciale per le lauree sanitarie. Ed. Piccin.

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Modulo: 015187/1 - PATOLOGIA GENERALE
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GENERAL PATHOLOGY
Rubin. Patologia. Publisher: Ambrosiana
Pontieri Russo Frati. Patologia Generale. Publisher:Piccin
Robbins e Cotran. Le basi patologiche delle malattie. Publisher: Elsevier

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Modulo: 015304/3 - PATOLOGIA CLINICA
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CLINICAL PATHOLOGY
Handouts and materials provided by the teacher.
Doan et al., Le basi dell'immunologia, con approfondimenti clinici, Zanichelli
Regueiro Gonzalez et al., Immunologia. Biologia e Patologia del sistema immunitario, Piccin.

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Modulo: 53369 - METODOLOGIA CLINICA INFERMIERISTICA
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METHODOLOGY CLINICAL NURSING/ SEMINAR
L.J.Carpenito- Moyet, Nursing Diagnosis. Application to clinical practice, 6th Ed. Ambrosiana - Milan 2020
Saiani L, Bruignolli A. Treatise on nursing care Sorbonne 2020

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Modulo: 53370 - SEMINARIO DI INFERMIERISTICA CLINICA GENERALE
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METHODOLOGY CLINICAL NURSING/ SEMINAR
L.J.Carpenito- Moyet, Nursing Diagnosis. Application to clinical practice, 6th Ed. Ambrosiana - Milan 2020
Saiani L, Bruignolli A. Treatise on nursing care Sorbonne 2020