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PHARMACOLOGY

Academic year and teacher
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Versione italiana
Academic year
2022/2023
Teacher
MARGHERITA NERI
Credits
5
Didactic period
Secondo Semestre

Training objectives

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Modulo: 019355/1 - FARMACOLOGIA E TOSSICOLOGIA
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PHARMACOLOGY
The student must show to have grasped the essentials of general pharmacology, issues related to the use of drugs and how to use laboratory approaches to individualize and optimize drug therapy. The student must also demonstrate that you are familiar with the use of some common pharmacology lab techniques.
TOXICOLOGY
The student must show that he has acquired the essential elements of instrumental techniques of toxicological analysis in particular techniques of extraction of xenobiotics from human biological matrices (protein precipitation, liquid-liquid extraction, extraction SPE), separation techniques such as gas chromatography (GC) and chromatography high pressure liquid (HPLC) and detection techniques such as flame ionization detector (FID), ultraviolet radiation (UV) and mass spectrometry (MS). It’s also required a learning basic notions of statistical treatment of analytical data in quantitative analysis with the internal standard (LOD, LOQ, cut-off, repeatability, bias, CV, precision, accuracy, measurement uncertainty)
In addition, students must demonstrate that they have acquired essential elements toxicokinetic, toxicodynamic, toxicology special (ethyl alcohol, narcotics and drugs "street", benzodiazepines, antidepressants, antipsychotics, DFSO).

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Modulo: 53754 - TECNICHE DI FARMACOLOGIA E TOSSICOLOGIA
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PHARMACOLOGY AND TOXICOLOGY TECHNIQUES
The student must show that he has acquired the essential elements relating to the techniques forpreparation of masterful galenicals (sterile and non-sterile) medicinal, in accordance with the Standards of Good Preparation of F.U; in particular he/she must demonstrate to have developed skills about the personalization of therapies and staging of orphan drugs for pediatric patients, elderly and critics, the preparation of cytotoxic chemotherapy drugs, to quality controls and to evaluate the stability of prepared products

Prerequisites

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Modulo: 019355/1 - FARMACOLOGIA E TOSSICOLOGIA
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Appropriate knowledge of biochemistry, human anatomy, physiology and pathophysiology.
General knowledge of laboratory management and scientific instruments

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Modulo: 53754 - TECNICHE DI FARMACOLOGIA E TOSSICOLOGIA
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Appropriate knowledge of biochemistry, human anatomy, physiology and pathophysiology.
General knowledge of laboratory management and scientific instruments.

Course programme

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Modulo: 019355/1 - FARMACOLOGIA E TOSSICOLOGIA
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PHARMACOLOGY
The course includes 16 hours of lessons:
Pharmacokinetics: drug adsorption, distribution, metabolism, elimination.
Pharmacodynamics: mechanisms of action.
Drug toxicity: acute, dose-dependent toxicity, chronic toxicity and drug addiction, idiosyncrasy, allergy to drugs, drug-induced mutagenesis, cancerogenesis, teratogenesis.
TOXICOLOGY
The course includes 12 hours of lessons (1 CFU):
Elements toxicokinetic and toxicodynamic (3 hours): absorption, distribution, metabolism, elimination of toxic and their mechanism of action (acute toxicity, chronic, sub-chronic). Ethyl alcohol (1 hours): Physical and chemical characteristics; acute poisoning: symptoms and analytical instrumentation for the determination; Chronic exposure: markers of exposure (cdt, etg) and analytical strategies.
Drugs of abuse biological matrices (2 hours): definitions, tables ministerial narcotics / psychotropic, biological matrices and toxicological significance forensic, analytical instruments (introduction); Special toxicology: cannabis, cocaine, opiates.
Analytical Toxicology (3 hours): deepening of extraction techniques from biological matrices (protein precipitation, liquid-liquid extraction, extraction SPE), separation techniques (gas chromatography, high performance liquid chromatography) techniques for detection (FID, mass spectrometry) statistical techniques for the processing of results (determining LOD and LOQ, cut-off bias CV, measurement uncertainty).
Clinical toxicology emergency (2 hours): acute intoxication by methyl alcohol, ethylene glycol, paracetamol, metformin, Paraquat).

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Modulo: 53754 - TECNICHE DI FARMACOLOGIA E TOSSICOLOGIA
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The course includes 12 hours of lessons (1 CFU):
Elements toxicokinetic and toxicodynamic: absorption, distribution, metabolism, elimination of toxic and their mechanism of action (acute toxicity, chronic, sub-chronic).
Ethyl alcohol: Physical and chemical characteristics; acute poisoning: symptoms and analytical instrumentation for the determination; Chronic exposure: markers of exposure (cdt, etg) and analytical strategies.
Drugs of abuse biological matrices: definitions, tables ministerial narcotics / psychotropic, biological matrices and toxicological significance forensic, analytical instruments (introduction); Special toxicology: cannabis, cocaine, opiates.
Analytical Toxicology: deepening of extraction techniques from biological matrices (protein precipitation, liquid-liquid extraction, extraction SPE), separation techniques (gas chromatography, high performance liquid chromatography) techniques for detection (FID, mass spectrometry) statistical techniques for the processing of results (determining LOD and LOQ, cut-off bias CV, measurement uncertainty).

Didactic methods

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Modulo: 019355/1 - FARMACOLOGIA E TOSSICOLOGIA
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frontal lessons

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Modulo: 53754 - TECNICHE DI FARMACOLOGIA E TOSSICOLOGIA
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Frontal lessons

Learning assessment procedures

The aim of the examination is to test the level of achievement of learning objectives previously indicated.
The examination of the PHARMACOLOGY module provides an oral or a written test the student's choice. If the student chooses the oral examination, he has to answer to two questions which refer to the items mentioned in the course content. If the student chooses the written test, there are 4 open questions and the student will have to respond adequately to at least three questions. The expected time for the test is 60 minutes.
The examination module PHARMACOLOGICAL AND TOXICOLOGY TECHNIQUES includes a written test: students are offered two questions which refer to matters specified in the course content. The expected time for the test is 60 minutes.
The examination module TOXICOLOGY includes a written test with 30 questions (5 multiple choice answers) regarding the topics covered in the course.The expected time for the test is 60 minutes.
The referring teacher of each module gives their own evaluation; if the student has not reached a sufficient evaluation in one of the modules, he can repeat only that exam, keeping valid the other two modules. The final vote comes from a weighted average of the marks obtained in each module.

Reference texts

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Modulo: 019355/1 - FARMACOLOGIA E TOSSICOLOGIA
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Power Point presentations provided by the teacher.
Specific topics can be explored on the following texts.
PHARMACOLOGY AND TOXICOLOGY
R. Paoletti, S.Nicosia, F. Clementi, G. Fumagalli, Farmacologia generale e molecolare. Ed. UTET
S.D. Ferrara, Il Laboratorio di Farmacologia e Tossicologia Clinica, CG Edizioni Medico Scientifiche s.r.l.
E. Bertol, F. Lodi, E. Marozzi, F. Mari, Trattato di Tossicologia Forense, CEDAM

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Modulo: 53754 - TECNICHE DI FARMACOLOGIA E TOSSICOLOGIA
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Power Point presentations provided by the teacher.

R. Paoletti, S.Nicosia, F. Clementi, G. Fumagalli, Farmacologia generale e molecolare. Ed. UTET
S.D. Ferrara, Il Laboratorio di Farmacologia e Tossicologia Clinica, CG Edizioni Medico Scientifiche s.r.l.
E. Bertol, F. Lodi, E. Marozzi, F. Mari, Trattato di Tossicologia Forense, CEDAM