NEUROLOGY AND OPHTALMOLOGY
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- Versione italiana
- Academic year
- 2018/2019
- Teacher
- MAURA PUGLIATTI
- Credits
- 9
- Didactic period
- Secondo Semestre
Training objectives
- NEUROLOGY
To provide students with an understanding of the pathological and clinical basis of the main neurological diseases.
To present the necessary basis to face neurological emergencies, i.e. coma, epilepsy, syncope, with particular attention to their aetiology, treatment and management.
Gender neurology.
NEUROSURGERY
To understand the pathological basis and treatment of the main neurosurgical diseases, with particular emphasis on the management of those conditions requiring emergency treatment
DISORDERS OF THE VISUAL SYSTEM
Learning the basic concepts in embryology, anatomy and physiology of the eye and its adnexa. Study of the etiopathogenesis and therapeutic approach of the main eye diseases. Prerequisites
- NEUROLOGY and NEUROSURGERY
Knowledge of anatomy, physiology, and pathology of the nervous system
DISORDERS OF THE VISUAL SYSTEM
Knowledge of physics, biochemistry, anatomy, physiology, general pathology, pharmacology, pathology, endocrinology, immunology Course programme
- NEUROLOGY
(SEMIOTICS AND NEUROLOGY)
Cranial Nerves. Motor systems and motor syndromes. Sensory systems and sensory syndromes. Superficial and deep tendon reflexes. Balance; vertigo. Neurogenic bladder. Cerebellar syndromes. Superior functions; conscience, phasia, gnosia, praxia, memory
COMPLEMENTARY EXAMINATIONS
Neurological examinations (CAT, MRN, Arteriography) in emergency treatment, EEG, EMG, evoked potentials, Polygraphy, SPECT, PET, Duplex scanner, Transcranial Duplex Scanning
Lumbar epidural injection, liquor examination
CLINICAL TOPICS
Acute and chronic pain. Cephalea and cranio-facial pain. Brain and medullary tumours. Epilepsies and non epileptic seizures. Syncope. Sleep disorders.
Cerebrovascular diseases: physiopathology of the cerebral circulation, Circle of Willis,
Systematics. Cerebrovascular diseases: guidelines for diagnosis, therapy and prevention
CHRONIC DISABLING DISEASES
Demyelinating Diseases
Parkinson’s Disease, Parkinson-like syndromes and other motor disorders
Motorneuron disease. Dementia
NEUROMUSCULAR DISEASES
Main focal syndromes of the peripheral nervous system. Main peripheral polyneuropathies. Main muscular diseases (dystrophy, myotonia, myositis)
Myasthenia and myasthenia-like syndromes
NEUROLOGICAL EMERGENCIES
Evaluation of the patient with disorders of consciousness: coma
Encephalitis and meningitis. Acute vision disorders. Acute Polyradiculoneuritis. Myasthenic crisis, cholinergic crisis. Neurorehabilitation: main principles.
Gender Neurology.
NEUROSURGERY
-CSF dynamics alterations: Hydrocephalus, benign intracranial hypertension
- Intracranial Hypertension and hypotension: Alteration of intracranial pressure. Management of intracranial hypertension and cerebrospinal fluid leak
- Head trauma: GCS. Skull fractures. Posttraumatic parenchimal injuries. Epidural hematoma. Subdural hematoma. Intraparenchymal haematoma
- Tumors: general information: Primary brain tumors. Pediatric brain tumors. Brain metastases. Pituitary adenomas
- Vascular Pathology: Subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) and aneurisms. SAH and vascular malformations.
- Spine Pathology: Degenerative pathology (intervertebral disc herniation; spinal stenosis). Spine Injuries. ASIA score. Cauda equina and conus medullaris syndromes
DISORDERS OF THE VISUAL SYSTEM
Embryology, anatomy and physiology of the eye. Diseases of eyelids and adnexa. Diseases of the eye. Diseases of the orbit. Neuro-ophthalmology. Eye diseases related to systemic diseases. Orbital and ocular traumatology. Prevention in ophthalmology. Pediatric ophthalmology.
Physiopathologic optics (physiology of vision, binocular vision, refractive defects, strabismus)
Rare eye diseases Didactic methods
- NEUROLOGY and NEUROSURGERY
Frontal lesson. Training in neurological ward, Day Hospital, outpatient’s departments, laboratories of neurophysiology and neurochemistry. Operating room observation.
Participation at seminars and workshops, advanced courses, meetings of clinical neurosciences.
The exercises of Neurology have value as an Evaluative Practical Training.
DISORDERS OF THE VISUAL SYSTEM
Frontal lesson. Training in Operating Room and outpatient’s departments Learning assessment procedures
- NEUROLOGY
Oral exam. Three questions on topics as follows:
1-Neurological semeiology and etiopathogenesis;
2-Clinic of the Nervous System Diseases;
3-Lesions of the cranial and spinal nerves.
Duration of exam is 20-30 minutes on average;
The oral exam evaluates knowledge, expository clarity, communicative abilities, rigour and logically reasoning, capability of connection and application in clinical practice. The final outcome will depend also on the practice sessions.
NEUROSURGERY
Oral exam. About 3 questions on: semeiotics of trauma, Neurosurgical emergencies, Neurosurgical diseases: diagnosis and treatment
DISORDERS OF THE VISUAL SYSTEM
Oral exam: Answer 3 questions about several arguments in 15-20 min (clarity of presentation, correlation skills and communication skills are assessed )
The final grade is a weighted average of the marks obtained in each test. Reference texts
- NEUROLOGY
Teaching material will be delivered during classes.
Reference books:
Lenzi G., Di Piero V., Padovani A., Compendio di Neurologia, Piccin, Padova, 2013
Federico A., Caltagirone C., Provinciali L., Tedeschi G., Neurologia Pratica, EDIses, Napoli, 2014
Barone P., Brunetti A., Cappabianca P., Filla A., Gangemi M. Maiuri F., Santoro L., Spaziante R., Sistema nervoso. Neurologia, neurochirurgia, neuroradiologia, Idelson-Gnocchi, Napoli, 2012
Pinessi L., Gentile S., Rainero I., Neurology book. Neuroanatomofisiologia e semeiotica neurologica. [Doppia Versione: italiano e inglese], Edi-Ermes, Milano, 2012
Misulis K. E., Head T.C. Neurologia di Netter, edizione italiana (a cura di Albanese A.), Elsevier Masson, Milano, 2008
Paolo Pazzaglia, Clinica neurologica, 7^ edizione, Società Editrice Esculapio, 2008, Bologna
Bergamasco B., Mutani R., La neurologia, di Bergamini, Edizioni Libreria Cortina, Torino, 2007
NEUROSURGERY
Mark S. Greenberg, Handbook of Neurosurgery, Thieme, May 2016
DISORDERS OF THE VISUAL SYSTEM
Miglior M. et al., Oftalmologia Clinica, Monduzzi 2006
Kanski's Clinical Ophtalmology, A Systematic Approach, Elsevier, 8th edition 2015
Sborgia C., Delle Noci N., Malattie dell'apparato visivo, Piccin 2004
