CHEMISTRY AND BIOCHEMICAL PROPEDEUTICS
Academic year and teacher
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- Versione italiana
- Academic year
- 2022/2023
- Teacher
- STEFANIA HANAU
- Credits
- 6
- Didactic period
- Secondo Semestre
Training objectives
- The course aim is to bring the student to understand the atom and molecules structure, the chemical bonds, the nuclear chemistry processes, the gas properties and the solutions with the detailed analysis of the equilibrium processes and chemical kinetics and basic acid and base concepts. The student should also recognise the different organic compounds starting from the structure formula and the functional group, the reactions mechanism and their biological importance. Moreover the student will have to know the general properties of carbohydrates, lipids, proteins and nucleic acids with a particular regard to their chemical structure and biological function.
Prerequisites
- None
Course programme
- Measure units, the atom and the subatomic particles, electrons and quantic numbers, the orbital concept, the periodic table, electronegativity, atomic volume and weight, mass and atomic numbers. Nomenclature (metals, oxides, nonmetals, anhydrides, acids, bases, salts). The chemical bond: covalent, ionic, hydrogen bond, dative, weak bonds, hydrophobic interactions. Matter structure : Representation of the electronic structure of an atom, importance of the elements periodic table, oxidation number. Isotopes and radioisotopes, radioactivity, radiation type, radioactive decay, measure units, methods to reveal radiations, half-life significance, radiations biological effects and main isotopes used in medicine. Matter states: gas laws and their application in medicine. Solid types, semiconductors, liquid crystals, band theory (shorts). The solutions: types, methods to measure the concentration, isotonic amd physiological solutions, colligative properties, osmosis, dialysis, water properties. Kinetics and equilibrium: equilibrium reactions, acids, bases and salts, buffers, pH and pK importance. Chemical energy and the thermodinamic entities. Basics of electrochemistry. Inorganic chemistry short. To recognise the different organic compounds from the structure formula and the functional group: aliphatic and aromatic hydrocarbons, alkyl halides, alcohols,phenols, thiols, ethers, aldehydes, ketones, carboxylic acids and derivatives, aliphatic and aromatic amines, heterocyclics compounds. Reaction mechanisms knowledge and their biological importance. Carbohydrates, lipids, proteins and nucleic acids chemical structures: general properties and teir biological function.
Didactic methods
- Lectures with slides display, blackboard exercises on solution concentrations and pH arguments with students involvement, even on organic chemistry main reactions. On line–guided didactics on moodle platform, will consist in questions on lectures treated arguments which the student shall answer before oral exam and the teacher can check to monitor the understanding degree.
+ Google Classroom use for communications, exercises and store of useful material. Learning assessment procedures
- The progression of learning can be verified, at the discretion of the students involved, during the course through quizzes written either open-ended or by multiple-way answers.
The final exam in the exams period will consist of both a written part with open answer and multiple choice questions and an oral exam with either blackboard or paper exposition to be done after some days (after the correction of the written part). The exam will regard all the three main parts of the programme, general chemistry, organic chemistry and propedeutics of biochemistry. Reference texts
- Bellini T., Chimica medica e propedeutica biochimica, Zanichelli Ed.
Texts for consultation
L. Nelson, M.M Cox, Principi di Biochimica di Lehninger, Ed Zanichelli
Hart, Craine, Hart, Hadad, Chimica Organica, Zanichelli Ed.
Some topics of general chemistry such as the theory of bands, liquid and semiconductor crystals, are derived from "Chimica" Silberberg, McGraw-Hill Ed
If the first suggested text is not available, alternatives are:
Bettelheim, Brown, Campbell, Farrell, Torres, Chimica e Propedeutica Biochimica, EdiSES
M. Rippa, Chimica Medica, vol 1. Edizioni Bovolenta/Zanichelli and
Hart, Craine, Hart, Hadad, Chimica Organica, Zanichelli Ed.
