PATHOLOGIES CONNECTED TO MOTOR ACTIVITY
Academic year and teacher
If you can't find the course description that you're looking for in the above list,
please see the following instructions >>
- Versione italiana
- Academic year
- 2020/2021
- Teacher
- MARCO CONTOLI
- Credits
- 6
- Didactic period
- Primo Semestre
Training objectives
- ENDOCRINOLOGY
This course aims to provide knowledge on the basics of endocrine and metabolic mechanisms in response to physical activity, on the endocrine and metabolic consequences of sports, on principles of exercise prescription in diabetic subjects.
RESPIRATORY DISEASE
The course will provide the basis for the understanding of the pathophysiological changes that occur in the cardiorespiratory system during physical exercise. The effects of chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases (asthma and COPD) and chronic heart diseases (ischemic heart disease, heart failure, hypertensive heart disease) on exercise capacity will be presented. Also, the advantages of an adapted and controlled physical exercise program in such patients will be discussed. Finally the students will acquire the basic knowledge for exercise capacity evaluation through standardized methods and to set an adapted and controlled exercise program in patients with chronic cardio-respiratory diseases. Prerequisites
- Background knowledge in anatomy, biology, physiology and physiopathology of the endocrine system; background knowledge in biochemistry and clinical biochemistry
Knowledge of concepts of cellular and molecular biology, mainly related to structural and functional characteristics of DNA.
Knowledge of chemistry and biochemistry. Knowledge of anatomy and human physiology of the muscle- skeletal and cardiorespiratory apparatus. To be admitted to the exam of Diseases sensitive to motor activity is necessary to have passed the exam of Physiology. Course programme
- ENDOCRINOLOGY
Endocrine responses and endocrine system organization. Diabetes mellitus and exercise.Endocrine and metabolic basis of training programs for reducing adipose mass and modify lipid profile. Anabolic effects of insulin in athletes. Thyreotroph axis regulation. Thyroid hormones mechanism of action and biosynthesis. Hypo- and hyper-thyroidism. Exercise in patients with thyroid disease. Regulation and physiopathology of somatotroph axis: Metabolic regulation of GH in association with exercise. Metabolic substrates and GH secretion. GH and exercise. Main diseases of somatotroph axis: growth hormone excess and deficit. GH doping. Regulation and physiopathology of corticotroph axis: Glucocorticoids and exercise. Glucocorticoid excess and deficit. Exercise and adrenal disease. Gonadotroph axis regulation in male and in female. Sex steroid hormone mechanism of action. Exercise and gonadal axis. Amenorrhea and reproductive disorders in athletes. Hypogonadism. Sex steroid hormone doping. Puberty.
RESPIRATORY AND CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE
Respiratory function: pulmonary ventilation and gas exchange
Lung function evaluation: spirometry. Respiratory failure: definition and causes
Dyspnea: definition, measurement and causes. Bronchial asthma. Asthma and Exercise
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and physical activity
Assessment of exercise capacity and rehabilitative programs in patients with chronic respiratory diseases
Functional anatomy of the heart
How physical activity affects the cardiovascular risk
Physical activity and ischemic heart disease. Physical activity and high blood pressure. Management of cardiovascular emergencies in the gym. Didactic methods
- Frontal lessons
Learning assessment procedures
- ENDOCRINOLOGY
The aim of the exam is to verify at which level the learning objectives previously described have been acquired, by an oral test lasting about 20 minutes with 3 questions, that will evaluate the acquired knowledge. In addition, the test will evaluate the capacity of connecting the acquired notions. To pass this test it is required to get at least 18 points out of 30.
RESPIRATORY AND CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE
Written exam. Students will be asked to address two questions concerning respiratory and cardiology topics discussed and presented during the course.
The evaluation of the exam will consider the completeness of the responses and how the student is able to demonstrate the acquisition of specific professional skills related to the topics.
The final grade is an arithmetic average of the marks obtained in each test. Reference texts
- ENDOCRINOLOGY
Lenzi A., Lombardi G., Martino E., Trimarchi F., Endocrinologia e attività motorie, Elsevier Ed.
Lenzi A., Dondero F., D'Armiento M., Guida allo studio dell'Endocrinologia, Società Editrice Universo
M. Cappa, Endocrinologia dell’esercizio fisico, UTET
DISEASES OF THE LOCOMOTOR APPARATUS and RESPIRATORY AND CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE
Materials provided by the teacher
