ORGANIC CHEMISTRY (Partizione B)
Academic year and teacher
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- Versione italiana
- Academic year
- 2018/2019
- Teacher
- CLAUDIO TRAPELLA
- Credits
- 6
- Didactic period
- Primo Semestre
- SSD
- CHIM/06
Training objectives
- The main objective of the course is to give students a basic knowledge of organic chemistry through the study of the structure, properties, and reactions of simple molecules, in order to approach the study of more complex systems. Laboratory experiments have the goal to facilitate the discipline understanding and to suggest that organic chemistry is an indispensable tool for many other scientific disciplines.
The main gained knowledges will be:
-knowledge of nomenclature, structure, properties and general reactivity of the main classes of organic compounds
-knowledge of chirality and asymmetry of organic compounds
-knowledge the main classes of organic reaction
-knowledge of structures and properties of amino acids and carbohydrates.
The basic acquired abilities (that are the capacity of applying the acquired knowledge) will be:
-identification of molecular compounds on the base of their functional groups
-use of the nomenclature
-identification of the main classes of organic reaction
-prediction of reactivity according to the molecular structure. Prerequisites
- No formal propedeuticity is required, however, fundamentals of chemistry, physic and mathematic, are necessary.
Course programme
- The course includes 40 hours of lectures and 8 hours of laboratory exercises. The lectures include:
Introduction to organic chemistry: common features of all organic compounds. Carbon as a fundamental element of all living systems.
-General aspects of organic chemistry (4 h):
Lewis structures, molecular geometry, bond angles, resonance, formal charge, polarity of organic compounds; hybridization of carbon bond orbital. Main functional groups.
-Acids and bases (2 h):
Brønsted-Lowry acids and bases; strength of organic acids and bases; the pKa and the correlation between pH and pKa: the Henderson-Hasselbalch equation; relevant factors for the acid strength; Lewis acids and bases.
-Alkanes and cycloalkanes (4 h):
features, physical and chemical properties, and reactivity; structures of simple alkanes, and structural and conformational isomers; the IUPAC nomenclature.
-Alkenes and alkynes (4 h):
features, momenclature, physical and chemical properties, and reactivity; cis-trans and E/Z isomers; the synthesis of some alkenes; electrophilic additions to double bounds; carbocation formation and stability.
-Stereochemistry (4 h):
chiral and achiral systems; enantiomers, racemic mixtures; the absolute configuration R, S; configurational diastereomes, meso compounds, cis-trans diastereomers; the influence of chirality in biological systems.
-Alkyl Halides (4 h):
features, momenclature, physical and chemical properties, and reactivity; synthesis of alkyl halides; nucleophilic substitution and elimination reactions.
-Benzene and aromatic compounds (2 h):
features, momenclature, physical and chemical properties, reactivity.
-Alcohols, phenols, ethers, and thiols (2 h):
features, momenclature, physical and chemical properties, and reactivity.
-Amines (2 h):
features, momenclature, physical and chemical properties, basicity and reactivity
-Aldehydes and ketones (2 h):
features, momenclature, physical and chemical properties, and reactivity; nucleophilic addition reactions; reduction and oxidation of carbonyl groups.
-Carboxylic acids (2 h):
features, momenclature, physical and chemical properties, and reactivity; fatty acids and soaps
-Acyl chlorides, acid anhydrides, esters and amides (2 h):
features, momenclature, physical and chemical properties, and reactivity; common methods of preparation of esters and amides.
-Amino acids, peptides, and proteins (2 h):
molecular structure and stereochemistry of proteinogenic amino acids; acid-base properties and isoelectric point; the peptide bond; primary and secondary structure of proteins.
Carbohydrates (2 h):
molecular structure, nomenclature, and stereochemistry of monosaccharides; Fischer projections of linear monosaccharides; ring structures of monosaccharides. More common disaccharides and polysaccharides
Laboratory experiments:
-Separation of proteinogenic amino acids by thin layer chromatography (TLC).(4 h)
-Benedict qualitative assays on carbohydrates (4 h) Didactic methods
- The course consists of lectures and tutorials in the organic chemistry laboratory. In particular, it provides a total of 48 hours teaching, including 40 hours of lectures and 8 hours of laboratory work. Classes are held weekly in the classroom and the exposure takes place by means of power-point slides and classical blackboard. For the laboratory exercises, the students are divided into groups (maximum 50 students per group).
Learning assessment procedures
- The aim of the examination is to test the level of achievement of learning objectives previously indicated. The exam consists of a written test. The assessment is expressed in thirtieths (minimum grade 18).The written test consists of 31 questions on the main topics covered in the course. The students have 60 minutes for the exam. Each application is evaluated with a maximum of 1/30 points and the test is passed with a minimum of 18 points out of 30. To achieve 30 with honors, the student will have to obtain 31 points out of 30.
Reference texts
- ELEMENTI DI CHIMICA ORGANICA
W. H. Brown M. K. Campbell S. O. Farrell-EDISES
INTRODUZIONE ALLA CHIMICA ORGANICA
Brown Poon-EDISES
FONDAMENTI DI CHIMICA ORGANICA
J. Gorzynski Smith-CONNECT
