AGRICULTURAL CHEMISTRY II AND ENVIRONMENTAL CHEMISTRY
Academic year and teacher
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- Versione italiana
- Academic year
- 2022/2023
- Teacher
- SILVIA RITA STAZI
- Credits
- 13
- Didactic period
- Primo Semestre
Training objectives
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Modulo: 007288 - CHIMICA DELL'AMBIENTE
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The course aims to provide the fundamentals for understanding the physical-chemical processes which characterize the different environmental spheres (hydrosphere, geosphere, atmosphere, biosphere) and their mutual interconnection. The course objective is therefore to provide students with the following knowledge:
- the natural cycles of the main chemical species within the various environmental spheres and between them;
- the main categories of pollutants and, in particular, their origin, transport phenomena, their impact on the environment and their possible degradation.
At the end of the course, the students will be able to:
- understand the main environmental phenomena;
- critically evaluate environmental data.
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Modulo: 72383 - CHIMICA AGRARIA II E LABORATORIO
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The aim of the agricultural chemistry II course is to build a solid knowledge necessary for understanding the chemical transformations that living matter undergoes within organisms.
The structure of the most important biological molecules will be treated in order to predict their function (amino acids, proteins, monosaccharides, polysaccharides, etc.). The relationship between the structure and function of enzymes will be studied in depth, also with regard to the mechanisms of their regulation. The topic of bioenergetics will be treated, for the understanding of the mechanisms that regulate the transfer of energy within cells. Prerequisites
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Modulo: 007288 - CHIMICA DELL'AMBIENTE
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General and Inorganic Chemistry
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Modulo: 72383 - CHIMICA AGRARIA II E LABORATORIO
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Agricultural Chemistry I
General and Inorganic Chemistry Course programme
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Modulo: 007288 - CHIMICA DELL'AMBIENTE
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Introductive principles of environmental chemistry. Interactions between environmental spheres and technology. Biogeochemical cycles.
Water, ecological and carbon footprint. Environmental Sustainability.
Hydrosphere. The hydrological cycle. Types, properties and chemical components of water reservoirs (i. e. freshwaters, oceans, groundwaters). The role of water in the environment. Interaction between dissolved components and bottom sediments or suspended particulate matter. Dissolved gases. Reactions of precipitation, complexation and oxidation-reduction: theoretical aspects, reactions between species involved and calculation of their concentrations.
Main classes of pollutants, such as metals, emerging contaminants, hydrocarbons, pesticides, dioxins and furans, polychlorinated biphenyls, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, plastics), chemical-physical properties, emission sources, environmental dynamics.
Water treatment processes.
Atmosphere: chemical-physical features of the atmosphere. Electromagnetic radiation: solar radiation and energy balance on Earth. Greenhouse effect: description of the phenomenon and characteristics of chemical species involved (natural and anthropic). Stratospheric ozone: the natural cycle of formation and destruction of ozone, impact of anthropogenic species. Photochemical smog: causes, reactions between involved species, effects. Acid rains: causes and effects. The atmospheric particulate matter: formation mechanisms, stability in atmosphere, the main chemical components, effects on environment and health.
Geosphere: Physico-chemical properties, structural characteristics and main components of soils. Weathering processes.
Case studies.
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Modulo: 72383 - CHIMICA AGRARIA II E LABORATORIO
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Agricultural chemistry II
The inorganic and organic constituent elements (biomolecules) of living beings. Bioenergetics: exergonic and endoergonic reactions. ATP cycle. Redox reactions. Standard redox potentials. Enzymes: classification, characteristics, composition, coenzymes, cofactors, prosthetic groups. Enzymatic kinetics: Michaelis-Menten equation and its elaborations. Factors that influence enzymatic activity: pH and temperature. Enzymatic inhibition. Cell metabolism. Glycolysis. The Krebs cycle and oxidative phosphorylation. The chlorophyll photosynthesis. The metabolism of lipids. The nitrogen metabolism. Secondary metabolites in plants: phenolic compounds, terpenes and terpenoids, alkaloids.
Part 2:
The nutrient cycle in the soil: The nutrients necessary for the growth of the plant. Influence of root activity and microorganisms on the bioavailability of macro and micronutrients. Didactic methods
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Modulo: 007288 - CHIMICA DELL'AMBIENTE
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Frontal lessons supported by Power point slides and multimedia resources.
During the lessons some exercises will be carried out in order to teach the use of parameters and chemical and physical quantities for the assessment of the environmental state. Some case studies will also be proposed to deepen the topics of the course.
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Modulo: 72383 - CHIMICA AGRARIA II E LABORATORIO
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AGRICULTURAL CHEMISTRY II
48 hours of frontal lessons with the help of power point slides.
12 hours of exercises: exercises and laboratory meetings relating to agricultural chemistry will be proposed Learning assessment procedures
- Agricultural chemistry II
The test is aimed at verifying the level of achievement of the previously indicated training objectives.The test will be of a written form. The evaluation is expressed out of thirty (minimum is 18). The written test includes questions relating to the main topics covered in the course.
Environmental chemistry.
The exam will consist of a oral exposition of an in depth topic chosen by the student and of 3 questions relating to the main topics covered in the course. Reference texts
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Modulo: 007288 - CHIMICA DELL'AMBIENTE
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CHIMICA AMBIENTALE; C. Baird, M. Cann; Zanichelli, 2013.
CHIMICA DELL’AMBIENTE; S. E. Manahan; Piccin, 2000.
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Modulo: 72383 - CHIMICA AGRARIA II E LABORATORIO
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Agricultural chemistry II
Fondamenti di Biochimica Agraria - R. Pinton, M. Cocucci, P. Nannipieri, M. Trevisan - Pàtron Editore-Bologna
